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NAD+ research: what the studies have looked at

This page summarises the published scientific literature on NAD+, for reference. It sets out what each study investigated and the model it used, not an outcome for any person, and it is not medical advice. Everything we supply is a research chemical for laboratory use only.

What NAD+ is

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, CAS 53-84-9) is a pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme present in every cell, where it works as a redox cofactor and as a substrate for enzymes such as the sirtuins, PARPs and CD38. It is an endogenous molecule; as a supplied material it is an unapproved research compound. Much of the human research is not on NAD+ itself but on its precursors, nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which are distinct molecules studied as supplements in some markets.

What the studies investigated

Rajman, Chwalek and Sinclair (2018), Cell Metabolism 27(3):529-547. Review. Reviewed the in-vivo evidence for NAD+-boosting molecules across preclinical and early-clinical work Source.

Zhang et al. (2016), Science 352(6292):1436-1443. Aged mice. Investigated the NAD+ precursor NR and reported effects on muscle, neural and melanocyte stem-cell populations and on lifespan measures in mice Source.

Martens et al. (2018), Nature Communications 9:1286. Human, randomised double-blind crossover. Investigated oral NR in healthy middle-aged and older adults and reported it was tolerated and associated with raised blood NAD+ metabolites Source.

Yoshino et al. (2021), Science 372(6547):1224-1229. Human, randomised controlled trial. Investigated NMN in postmenopausal women with prediabetes and reported a change in a skeletal-muscle insulin-signalling measure between the groups Source.

Mechanism, as described in the literature

NAD+ is established biochemically as a redox coenzyme and a substrate for NAD+-dependent enzymes (sirtuins, PARPs, CD38), and its levels are reported to vary with age, feeding and activity. Whether raising NAD+ or its precursors produces specific health outcomes in people is not established: the studies above measured metabolite levels, tolerability and mechanistic markers rather than clinical endpoints.

The material we supply

We supply NAD as a research chemical, released against a written specification with a batch certificate of analysis. It is not a medicine and is not for human or animal use. For the sizes, the price per mg and how to order, see where to buy NAD wholesale; the COA lookup pulls the certificate for any batch. The references above link to each study’s DOI or journal record; this summary is for research and educational reference only.

Common questions

Is NAD+ approved as a medicine?

No. As a supplied material NAD+ is an unapproved research compound. Its precursors NR and NMN are distinct molecules studied as supplements in some markets. We supply it for research use only.

What has NAD+ research looked at?

Published work spans cell and animal studies of NAD+ biology and early human trials of the precursors NR and NMN that measured NAD+ metabolite levels, tolerability and mechanistic markers, not clinical outcomes. The cited studies are listed above.

What is NAD+?

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (CAS 53-84-9), a dinucleotide coenzyme central to cellular redox metabolism.

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